It also involves supporting innovation within our organisation and developing strong partnerships with externals to support that innovation. After attending Police College, Sandra started her career in Hamilton, before she was transferred to Kaitaia and promoted to Sergeant. Sandra loves her job and has appreciated the experiences she has had while with Police, including working and living in some remote communities across the North Island.
A particular career highlight for her was attending the Gallipoli commemorations in Turkey as a Liaison Officer. Also in , Sandra became the first female to be appointed as the Eastern District Commander. In , Sandra was appointed as the first female Assistant Commissioner of Police. Sarah started her working life as a teacher in Gisborne in but left after two years to follow in the footsteps of her father, who had been a Sergeant with the Police.
After graduating from Police College, Sarah moved back to Gisborne for five years.
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During her time with the CIB, Sarah was sent to the Solomon Islands, spending 12 months there working on Civil War homicides and mentoring police officers. Sarah says there was one case in particular that she investigated during her time in the Solomon Islands that she is really proud of. Three teenage boys had been murdered during the Civil War and their families had to bury their bodies quickly and leave the area to get away from the militants.
Sarah and her team were able to investigate the homicides and eventually negotiate the surrender of the five offenders. Once the village was safe, the families were able to return to their home and have a proper burial for the boys. Currently Sarah is the Manawatu Area Commander, a role which she has been in since mid She is the first female Area Commander in Manawatu.
When Naila Hassan was a teenager, she knew being a Police Officer was what she wanted to do for her career. Diversity within the organisation back then was not as promoted as it is now, so she also kept to herself that she was a Muslim. However attitudes have come a long way since then and Naila is proud to be Muslim and working for an organisation that values diversity within its ranks.
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Naila has spent the majority of her career with Police in Auckland. Being the Area Commander can be challenging but Naila finds it extremely rewarding and she tries to get out on the frontline with her staff as often as she can. Outside of her career with Police, Naila is a lifeguard at Piha during the summer. Along with her partner Pete, she is an active road cyclist and they both enjoy spear fishing and free diving. Prior to joining Police, Amelia completed a psychology degree.
Once she became a police officer, she went back to study part-time and completed a law degree before joining the Police Prosecutions team in In Amelia was promoted from Senior Sergeant to Inspector. She was one of the first female Inspectors to be based in Dunedin permanently, along with Inspector Mel Aitken. Amelia remembers this as one of the defining moments of her career, because it meant she was in a position of influence which gave her the capability to make significant contributions to benefit staff and the organisation.
She was part of Wing , which is the first wing where all 80 recruits were sent straight to Auckland. Despite starting out in Auckland, Mel has spent the majority of her career in the Southern District in operational and frontline response roles. She is currently the West Coast Area Commander, a role which she says was a step outside her comfort zone and something she had never dreamed of doing. Because the area is so large geographically, there is a real reliance on community and inter-agency support to get things done.
Outside of work Mel is a competitive distance runner, a hobby she took on later in life. Competing in half and full marathons has given her the opportunity to race around some beautiful parts of the country. Through racing she has also met some incredibly talented people who share her passion for running. In she was promoted to Inspector, the first female in the Waikato District to reach this rank. Karen is currently the Operations Support Manager for Waikato. She works closely with Civil Defence and Emergency Services planning for possible major incidents, as well as the planning of major events such as VIP tours, international sporting events and local community events.
Outside of her role at Police, Karen has been heavily involved with netball.
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She is an ex-Silver Fern and has also coached teams for Waikato. Karen says that coaching is comparative to managing staff, as it involves managing different personalities, setting goals, strategising, motivating, teaching, and providing constructive feedback to enable high performance. In recent years Karen has taken a step back from netball to focus on her career, however she still enjoys watching games in her spare time. She also enjoys off-road cycling, gardening and fishing. Skip to main content. Jill Rogers.
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Karyn Malthus. Virginia Le Bas. This, along with the more frequent settled weather conditions during winter, is why most peak PM 10 levels occur during this time of year. Exhaust emissions from vehicles are another significant source of PM 10 in cities like Auckland. It is estimated that the number of New Zealanders that die prematurely from traffic-related air pollution is similar to the number killed in road traffic accidents Fisher et al, Industry, as well as natural sources such as pollen, mineral dust and sea salt, can also contribute to PM 10 levels. PM 10 is an air pollutant of particular concern because it regularly occurs at high levels in urban areas, and is linked to harmful health effects.
Source: Ministry for the Environment, As shown in figure 1, a PM 10 particle is less than 10 microns in diameter, or one-fifth of the diameter of human hair. These are easily inhaled and can be readily absorbed into the lungs.
As a result, PM 10 can cause significant health effects, particularly for the elderly and infants, people with asthma and other respiratory diseases, and sufferers of other chronic diseases, such as heart disease. In , national environmental standards NES for air quality were introduced in New Zealand to provide a guaranteed level of protection for the health of New Zealanders Ministry for the Environment, a. To comply with the standard, this level can not be exceeded more than one day each year. The guideline represents the minimum standard that outdoor air quality should meet in order to protect human health and the environment Ministry for the Environment, Following the introduction of the national environmental standard, 68 areas were identified in New Zealand where air quality is likely or known to breach the PM 10 standard — these areas are known as airsheds.
Some airsheds are also identified based on factors such as: the number of people living in the airshed, its unique weather patterns and geography, or because local air emissions eg, local industrial activity need to be managed separately. In most cases, airsheds are towns or cities, though in some areas they may include a number of towns — for example, the Otago 1 airshed combines both Alexandra and Arrowtown. Not all airsheds are monitored: if exploratory tests show that PM 10 levels are above the standard or a high number of people are affected, then ongoing monitoring is required.
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To date, approximately 1. Areas outside airsheds are generally sparsely populated, and, as a result, little PM 10 monitoring occurs in the rural environment and areas free from emissions caused by human activity Ministry for the Environment, This is one such report card. This environmental report card discusses peak PM 10 levels and annual levels for PM 10 in monitored airsheds in New Zealand. It compares these with the national standard for PM 10 and the New Zealand air quality guideline. The report card also reviews the number of times the standard is exceeded.
This report card looks at:. This section reports the daily levels of PM 10 in the 40 monitored airsheds in New Zealand against the national environmental standard, which sets an acceptable daily level for PM Reporting peak daily levels of PM 10 provides an important short-term snapshot of air quality in an airshed. It allows us to understand the intensity of air pollution to which people are being exposed. The national environmental standard sets an acceptable daily level for PM 10 , and requires continuous monitoring throughout the year in areas where PM 10 is likely to breach the standard.
Forty airsheds were monitored in New Zealand in Of these, 17 airsheds 42 per cent complied with the PM 10 standard. In , on average, South Island peak daily levels, shown on the right hand side of figure 2 [figure 2 shows a bar graph with North Island airsheds on the left and South Island airsheds on the right], were higher than North Island levels. A breach occurs when the PM 10 standard is exceeded more than once in a year. Airsheds that exceed the standard zero or once a year comply with the PM 10 standard. Notes: 1 From , Otago 1 monitoring results are the combination of Alexandra and Arrowtown results.
Since , the proportion of airsheds complying with the PM 10 standard has increased. Since we last reported on PM 10 in Environment New Zealand , there has been an increase in the number of monitored airsheds in New Zealand. Figure 3 shows an annual summary of compliance with the PM 10 standard.
The proportion of complying airsheds decreased in , with half of the newly monitored airsheds breaching the standard, as shown in table 1. After complying in , the Hamilton, Otago 3 Dunedin and Wairarapa airsheds breached the standard in The following year, five of the seven newly monitored airsheds complied with the standard.
This, together with the Gore, Hamilton, Waimate and Wairarapa airsheds, contributed to the increased proportion of complying airsheds in Seventeen of the 40 monitored airsheds 42 per cent complied with the PM 10 standard in Note: From , Otago 1 monitoring results are the combination of Alexandra and Arrowtown results. In , four additional airsheds were monitored, and in , seven additional airsheds were monitored.
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However, 18 of the 20 breaching airsheds in have continued to breach the PM 10 standard see table 1. Six of these airsheds — Christchurch, Kaiapoi, Nelson A, Otago 1, Rangiora and Timaru — are among the 10 airsheds recording the highest daily PM 10 levels from to see table 2. These airsheds are expected to have difficulty in complying with the PM 10 standard by see the Future watch section.
A temperature inversion occurs when a layer of warm air sits on top of a layer of cooler air near the ground. Because cool air is heavier than warm air, the cool air often remains trapped close to the ground Ministry for the Environment, Figure 4 shows how air pollution also gets trapped in this cool layer, leading to higher air pollution levels. Figure 4 How temperature inversions trap pollution Source: Ministry for the Environment, This section reports on how many times the national standard for PM 10 is exceeded over a year in the 40 monitored airsheds in New Zealand.