After the war, the city's growth was rapid. By , the city's boundaries had extended to include Milson and Kelvin Grove. In , the boundaries would further extend to include Awapuni, which in the same year, was again flooded by the Manawatu River, along with Hokowhitu. It was the largest flood since Although work had started in , it was not until the Milson Deviation of the North Island Main Trunk was opened. This meant future trains would pass to the north of the city, instead of through the Square. Later in , the railway station at Tremaine Avenue opens. The last trains passed through the Square in In , the Highbury was added to the council area.
In , it becomes Massey University , an autonomous tertiary learning institution with the power to grant its own degrees. In , city boundaries were again extended to include land in Aokautere, Kelvin Grove, Milson, Amberley Westbrook and Awapuni as part of future growth for the next 25 years. In , a competition to design a civic building for the vacant railway land at the Square, is won by Wellington architects, Maurice and John Patience. The resulting building was finished in In , the Manawatu and Oroua rivers flood, hour rainfall records in Feilding and Palmerston North are exceeded and some residents from both locations are evacuated.
On 1 November , New Zealand local government authorities were reorganised. Although the land Palmerston North is situated on is bounded by the lofty Ruahine and Tararua ranges in the east and south respectively, the city has a predominantly flat appearance. The occasional rise in elevation occurs further away from the river and is especially pronounced in the north and northeast, and also on the south side of the river.
This is in the Tararua ranges, south-east of Scotts Road. This is at the river bank near Te Puna Road. Incidentally, both these locations are in the south-west of the city, by Linton. The length of the Manawatu river within the city boundary is There are on average rain-free days each year. In the ranges that flank the city there is often sustained wind, especially in spring. Much of this land is within the city boundaries and these ranges have the reputation of providing the most consistent wind in the country. Close to the city is the largest electricity-generating series of wind farms in the southern hemisphere, with turbines in the Tararua and Ruahine Ranges providing power for approximately 50, homes.
Palmerston North is governed by a city council consisting of the mayor and 15 councillors , elected on a citywide basis. Before the election councillors were elected representing one of five city wards, but Palmerston North's electoral wards were abolished by the Local Government Commission in As of there are 11 independent councillors, two affiliated with the Green Party and two with Labour. For electoral and regional representation purposes, Palmerston North City makes up the Palmerston North constituency and is represented by 4 councillors:.
The boundaries of the electorate of Palmerston North have changed often since the introduction of MMP. It has been previously larger than now and formerly extended over the Manawatu River into the southern suburbs. The electorate was formerly represented — by Simon Power National and has been represented by former Manawatu District Mayor Ian McKelvie National since the New Zealand general election at the end of that year.
The electorate is currently held by Adrian Rurawhe of the Labour Party. Palmerston North City had a population of 84, at the New Zealand census , an increase of 4, people 5. There were 30, households. There were 41, males and 43, females, giving a sex ratio of 0. The median age was In terms of ethnicity, The proportion of Palmerston North residents born overseas was Of those aged 15 and over, 15, The employment status of those aged 15 and over was that 32, Although some people objected to giving their religion, in the census Muru Walters.
Although Palmerston North has 1.
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The important sectors are tertiary education, research and central government Defence force. At the census, the largest employment industries for Palmerston North residents were health care and social assistance 4, people, Palmerston North has economic strengths in research, especially in the bio-industry, defence, distribution and smart business sectors. Palmerston North has a long history of innovation in the business sector. A number of firms founded in or near the city have become nationally or internationally renowned.
Palmerston North has a number of facilities and attractions. It is also the gateway to attractions in other parts of the region, such as Tongariro National Park, Ruahine and Tararua Ranges. When Palmerston North Airport serviced international flights, the city was also an international gateway to Hawke's Bay, Whanganui and Taranaki. After PDC went into receivership in , the mall was sold and assumed its current name in Originally part of the Papaioea clearing, The Square is a seven-hectare park of lawn, trees, lakes, fountains, and gardens in the centre of the city.
It is the city's original park and also the centrepoint from whence the city's main streets are arranged. Retail stores including the Plaza and eateries line the road surrounding the park. This name reflected their hope all people of all races would live together in enduring peace. Most notable is Victoria Esplanade , a hectare acre park located along the northern bank of the Manawatu River west of Fitzherbert Avenue.
The Peter Black Conservatory is a large tropical greenhouse built in and refurbished in The Wildbase Recovery visitor centre and aviary for recovering wildlife opened in and is run in partnership with Massey University's Veterinary Hospital. New Zealand's largest rose garden, the 1. It was recognised in by the World Federation of Rose Societies as one of the finest rose gardens in the world.
Adjacent to the Esplanade are the multi-sport playing fields of Ongley and Manawaroa Parks, the twin turf hockey fields and Fitzherbert Park, the premier cricket ground. Memorial Park has a football pitch, and also has family-friendly facilities. The Hokowhitu Lagoon is also located nearby the Esplanade and is a popular site for recreational kayaking and canoeing.
The city council since has been beautifying the banks of the Manawatu River, opening up previously neglected areas into more accessible recreational parks and reserves.
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Part of this development is He Ara Kotahi, a 7. As well as a recreational asset, He Ara Kotahi was designed to be a pedestrian and cycle commuter route between the city bridge and Massey University, to improve safety and relieve vehicle traffic volumes on the Fitzherbert Bridge. The remainder of the track to Linton crosses tributary streams with boardwalks and four smaller bridges. Palmerston North has a main public library with five branches and one mobile library.
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The central Palmerston North Library is located in the Square and houses the main collections. Near the Square is the Youth Space, opened in September as a dedicated place for Palmerston North's many young people to congregate in a safe environment. Te Manawa is the cultural museum of art, science and history.
There are many small independent galleries.
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Many of New Zealand's best-known artists came from or live in Palmerston North. Palmerston North houses multiple theatres which regularly host musical performances, theatrical plays and formal events. These theatres include.
Palmerston North has a thriving musical scene with many national and international acts touring through the town, and many local acts performing regularly. The Manawatu Youth Orchestra celebrated its 50th year in September Founded in by army troops stationed in the region, Palmerston North Brass Band technically pre-dates the city of Palmerston North.
In the band celebrated its th anniversary [44]. Participation in sport is an important and popular pastime in Palmerston North.
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Representation at a national level is predominantly provincial based, meaning most sports teams representing Palmerston North also draw their players from other towns from around Manawatu. There are indoor venues at Arena Manawatu where netball, basketball, volleyball and Badminton are played. The hospital is the major trauma centre for Palmerston North and the Manawatu, Horowhenua and Tararua districts. There were two private hospitals, Aorangi and Southern Cross.
In these two private surgical hospitals merged and are now known as Crest Hospital. Electricity was initially generated at the Keith Street power station until the transmission lines from Mangahao Power Station to Bunnythorpe substation were completed in March The retail business was sold to Genesis Energy while the lines business became part of Powerco.
Today, Powerco continues to operate the local distribution network, [48] with electricity fed from two Transpower substations, at Bunnythorpe and at Linton. There is now a competitive electricity retail market, although Genesis continues to be the dominant retailer in the city. The high pressure transmission pipelines supplying the city are now owned and operated by First Gas , with Powerco owning and operating the medium and low pressure distribution pipelines within the city.
At the census, Fibre to the premises is being deployed in Palmerston North as part of the Government's Ultra-Fast Broadband programme. The majority of Palmerston North's water supply is drawn from the Turitea Stream, in the Tararua Range south of the city. Palmerston North is a significant road and rail junction. As such, it is an important distribution hub for the Central and lower North Island, with many freight distribution centres based here.
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Palmerston North's arterial roads are arranged in a grid pattern. There are four main dual-carriagway roads radiating from The Square, splitting the city into four quadrants: Rangitikei Street to the north, Fitzherbert Avenue to the south, and Main Street to the east and west. Palmerston North is served by four state highways :. Palmerston North is perceived as being better for cycling than most New Zealand cities, with figures putting it a close second only to Blenheim in terms of bicycle modal share. The Manawatu River Pathway is great for family or beginners riders, as it is all flat to mildly contoured, with some limestone sections, as well as wide cement paths.
The cycle lane network has been criticised for a number of reasons. Motor traffic is often too fast, and there is no physical barrier between bicyclists and motorists. Most bicycle lanes in the city are marked out with parking spaces for motorist parking, making those lanes 'pointless' and raising the risk of motorists opening car doors into the path of passing bicyclists.
Rebecca Oaten, the so-called 'Helmet Lady' who campaigned nationwide in the late s for a New Zealand bicycle helmet law , is from Palmerston North. Urban services are coordinated by Horizons Regional Council, through Masterton-based bus company, Tranzit. Seven urban buses leave the terminal in Main Street East in front of Palmerston North Courthouse at least every half-hour.
The buses are assigned to loop routes servicing different parts of the city.